Search results for " Couplings"

showing 10 items of 30 documents

Measurement and interpretation of the $W$-pair cross-section in $e^+e^-$ interactions at 161 GeV

1997

In 1996 LEP ran at a centre-of-mass energy of 161~GeV, just above the threshold of W-pair production. DELPHI accumulated data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $9.93 {\mathrm{~pb^{-1}}}$, and observed 29 events that are considered as candidates for W-pair production. From these, a cross-section for the doubly resonant $e^+e^-\to\mathrm{WW}$ process of $3.67~^{+0.97}_{-0.85} \pm 0.19{\mathrm{~pb}}$ has been measured. Within the Standard Model, this cross-section corresponds to a mass of the W-boson of ${\mathrm{80.40~\pm~0.44~(stat.)~\pm~0.09~(syst.) ~\pm 0.03~(LEP)~GeV}}/c^2$. Alternatively, if $m_{\mathrm{W}}$ is held fixed at its current value determined by other experiments, t…

COLLISIONSNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsElectron–positron annihilation01 natural sciencesBOSON MASS; ROOT-S=1.8 TEV; COLLISIONS; COUPLINGSPartícules (Física nuclear)Standard ModelInterpretation (model theory)Nuclear physics0103 physical sciences[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]010306 general physicsDetectors de radiacióDELPHIPhysicsLuminosity (scattering theory)010308 nuclear & particles physicsROOT-S=1.8 TEVCOUPLINGSLARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDERBOSON MASSCross section (geometry)PARTICLE PHYSICS; LARGE ELECTRON POSITRON COLLIDER; DELPHIPARTICLE PHYSICSHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentParticle Physics - ExperimentPhysics Letters B
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DFT calculation of 1J(119Sn,13C) and 2J(119Sn,1H) coupling constants in di- and trimethyltin(IV) compounds

2008

We have tested several computational protocols, at the nonrelativistic DFT level of theory, for the calculation of 1J(119Sn, 13C) and 2J(119Sn, 1H) spin-spin coupling constants in di- and trimethyltin(IV) derivatives with various ligands. Quite a good agreement with experimental data has been found with several hybrid functionals and a double-zeta basis set for a set of molecules comprising tetra-, penta-, and hexa-coordinated tin(IV). Then, some of the protocols have been applied to the calculation of the 2J(119Sn, 1H) of the aquodimethyltin(IV) ion and dimethyltin(IV) complex with D-ribonic acid and to the calculation of 1J(119Sn, 13C) and 2J(119Sn, 1H) of the dimethyltin(IV)-glycylglycin…

Carbon Isotopes; Dipeptides; Glycylglycine; Hydrogen; Organotin Compounds; Solvents; Tin; Trimethyltin Compounds; Water; Quantum Theorychemistry.chemical_elementInorganic ChemistryOrganotin(IV) DFT NMR relativistic effects tin couplingsComputational chemistryOrganotin CompoundsMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBasis setCoupling constantCarbon IsotopesNMR tin derivatives coupling constantsTrimethyltin CompoundsbiologyGlycylglycineWaterDipeptidesbiology.organism_classificationHybrid functionalSolventchemistryTinSolventsQuantum TheoryTetraSolvent effectsTinHydrogen
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A DFT study of the vicinal 3J(119Sn,13C) and 3J(119Sn,1H) coupling constants in trimethyl- and chlorodimethyl-stannyl propanoates.

2013

Abstract We have tested the performance of DFT protocols, both at the Scalar relativistic ZORA and non-relativistic level of theory, for the calculation of the 3 J( 119 Sn, 13 C) and 3 J( 119 Sn, 1 H) vicinal couplings for a series of flexible organotin(IV) derivatives with formula XMe2SnCHRCHR′COOMe (X = Me, Cl; R, R′ = Me, Ph). A satisfactory agreement between experimental and calculated vicinal couplings has been obtained by taking into account the conformational behaviour of the compounds investigated. The protocols used, mainly the relativistic one, were found to give a correct picture of the populations and a sufficiently high overall performance in calculating the vicinal couplings, …

Coupling constantheteronuclear NMR spectroscopySeries (mathematics)ChemistryOrganoTin(IV) 119Sn NMR 119Sn couplings Karplus DFT Relativistic ZORAOrganic ChemistryScalar (mathematics)heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy; DFT calculations; tin compoundstin compoundsDFT calculationsBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryComputational chemistrySettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaMaterials ChemistryOverall performancePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryVicinal
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Electric control of the spin Hall effect by intervalley transitions

2013

Controlling spin-related material properties by electronic means is a key step towards future spintronic technologies. The spin Hall effect (SHE) has become increasingly important for generating, detecting and using spin currents, but its strength-quantified in terms of the SHE angle-is ultimately fixed by the magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) present for any given material system. However, if the electrons generating the SHE can be controlled by populating different areas (valleys) of the electronic structure with different SOC characteristic the SHE angle can be tuned directly within a single sample. Here we report the manipulation of the SHE in bulk GaAs at room temperature by m…

Electronic structureSpin currentsSpin Hall effectElectronElectronic structureCrystal symmetrySpin-polarized electronsElectron populationGallium arsenideQuantum mechanicsGeneral Materials ScienceSemiconducting galliumStrength of materials0912 Materials EngineeringRoom temperatureSpin-½Intervalley transitionPhysicsCouplingElectromotive forceCondensed matter physicsSpintronicsMechanical EngineeringMaterial systemsGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsElectric controlHeavy metalsMechanics of MaterialsSpin Hall effectSpin-orbit couplingsMaterial propertiesNature Materials
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Optimum Performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators Coupled to Wind Turbines

2007

In this paper a control algorithm for the efficiency improvement of permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG) is presented. The proposed algorithm reduces the losses of the generator without affecting its performances. In details, after a description of a dynamic model of the PMSG, which has been purposely modified in order to take into account the iron losses, the basic equations and the constraints to obtain the loss minimization are presented and discussed. Some simulations of a specific PMSG employing the proposed algorithm are performed. The results of these simulations show that enhancement of the efficiency up to 3% can be reached in comparison to a PMSG using a traditional cont…

EngineeringWind powerControl algorithmbusiness.industryPermanent magnet synchronous generatorSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciGenerator (circuit theory)Control theoryPermanent magnets Synchronous generators Couplings Wind turbines Iron Rotors Mechanical variables control Minimization methods Mathematical model TorqueMagnetTorqueLoss minimizationbusinessMachine control2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting
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Quantum gap and spin-wave excitations in the Kitaev model on a triangular lattice

2017

We study the effects of quantum fluctuations on the dynamical generation of a gap and on the evolution of the spin-wave spectra of a frustrated magnet on a triangular lattice with bond-dependent Ising couplings, analog of the Kitaev honeycomb model. The quantum fluctuations lift the subextensive degeneracy of the classical ground-state manifold by a quantum order-by-disorder mechanism. Nearest-neighbor chains remain decoupled and the surviving discrete degeneracy of the ground state is protected by a hidden model symmetry. We show how the four-spin interaction, emergent from the fluctuations, generates a spin gap shifting the nodal lines of the linear spin-wave spectrum to finite energies.

Frustrated magnetismFOS: Physical sciencesBond-dependent Ising couplingsQuantum fluctuations01 natural sciencesTriangular lattice010305 fluids & plasmasCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsSpin waveQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesSpin gapHexagonal latticeElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsQuantumQuantum fluctuationSpin-½PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBond-dependent Ising couplings; Frustrated magnetism; Linear spin-wave spectrum; Quantum fluctuations; Spin gap; Triangular lattice;Ising modelGround stateDegeneracy (mathematics)Linear spin-wave spectrum
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Postinationary vacuum instability and Higgs-inflaton couplings

2016

The Higgs-inflaton coupling plays an important role in the Higgs field dynamics in the early Universe. Even a tiny coupling generated at loop level can have a dramatic effect on the fate of the electroweak vacuum. Such Higgs-inflaton interaction is present both at the trilinear and quartic levels in realistic reheating models. In this work, we examine the Higgs dynamics during the preheating epoch, focusing on the effects of the parametric and tachyonic resonances. We use lattice simulations and other numerical tools in our studies. We find that the resonances can induce large fluctuations of the Higgs field which destabilize the electroweak vacuum. Our considerations thus provide an upper …

General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyHiggs-inflation couplingsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics
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Critical reflections on asymptotically safe gravity

2020

Asymptotic safety is a theoretical proposal for the ultraviolet completion of quantum field theories, in particular for quantum gravity. Significant progress on this program has led to a first characterization of the Reuter fixed point. Further advancement in our understanding of the nature of quantum spacetime requires addressing a number of open questions and challenges. Here, we aim at providing a critical reflection on the state of the art in the asymptotic safety program, specifying and elaborating on open questions of both technical and conceptual nature. We also point out systematic pathways, in various stages of practical implementation, towards answering them. Finally, we also take…

High Energy Physics - TheoryReflection (computer programming)Computer scienceEffective field theoryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Asymptotic safety in quantum gravityBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyUnitarityFixed pointQuantum spacetime01 natural sciences530General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyTheoretical High Energy Physics0103 physical sciencesCalculusddc:530High Energy PhysicsQuantum gravitationQuantum field theoryPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsRunning couplingsMathematical PhysicsStructure (mathematical logic)ObservablesObservablelcsh:QC1-999Asymptotic safetySettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli e Metodi MatematiciQuantum gravityRenormalization grouplcsh:Physics
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Stimuli-responsive hybrid materials: breathing in magnetic layered double hydroxides induced by a thermoresponsive molecule

2014

[EN] A hybrid magnetic multilayer material of micrometric size, with highly crystalline hexagonal crystals consisting of CoAl-LDH ferromagnetic layers intercalated with thermoresponsive 4-(4-anilinophenylazo)benzenesulfonate (AO5) molecules diluted (ratio 9 : 1) with a flexible sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS) surfactant has been obtained. The resulting material exhibits thermochromism attributable to the isomerization between the azo (prevalent at room temperature) and the hydrazone (favoured at higher temperatures) tautomers, leading to a thermomechanical response. In fact, these crystals exhibited thermally induced motion triggering remarkable changes in the crystal morphology and volume. In…

Magnetic couplingsMagnetismLayered double hydroxidesFerromagnetic layersINTERCALATION COMPOUNDengineering.materialThermotropismNI-ALQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMETAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKSchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallinityQUIMICA ORGANICANuclear magnetic resonanceCrystal morphologiesPHOTOISOMERIZATIONQUIMICA ANALITICANANOPARTICLESPhysics::Chemical PhysicsAZOBENZENEPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsThermochromismPRUSSIAN BLUEChemistryMagnetismLayered double hydroxidesFísicaQuímicaGeneral ChemistryMoleculesequipment and suppliesChemistryMagnetic multilayersCrystallographyAzobenzeneFerromagnetismHYDROTALCITEengineeringTHERMAL-EXPANSIONHybrid materialhuman activitiesCOORDINATION POLYMERSChemical Science
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Coupled hydro-mechanical analysis of compacted bentonite behaviour during hydration

2021

Abstract This study analyses the response of compacted bentonites upon hydration based on a coupled hydro-mechanical elasto-plastic framework. As an alternative to multi-porosity interpretation, the framework was selected based on the experimental evidence of adsorbed water behaviour in bentonites and the volumetric response at saturated states, apparently independent of its initial state. Based on these premises, a water retention model was formulated using an explicit distinction between adsorbed water and free water, enabling the postulation of the water properties and behaviour depending on its state. In order to effectively account for the transition between unsaturated to saturated st…

Materials scienceSettore ICAR/07 - GeotecnicaUnsaturated soilsDegree of saturationEffective stressConstitutive equationThermodynamicsWater retentionGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyBentonite Elasto-plasticity Hydro-mechanical couplings Unsaturated soils Water retentionComputer Science ApplicationsWater retentionStress (mechanics)BentoniteBentonitemedicineCompressibilityHydro-mechanical couplingsElasto-plasticitymedicine.symptomSaturation (chemistry)Computers and Geotechnics
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